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What is the primary function of the pituitary gland?
The pituitary gland is the “master gland” of the endocrine system, controlling many vital processes.
Which two lobes make up the pituitary gland?
The pituitary gland is made of two active lobes that have different functions.
Which part of the pituitary gland does not produce hormones but releases them?
This part of the pituitary gland releases two hormones that are initially produced in the nuclei of the hypothalamus.
What is the name of the vascular system that connects the adenohypophysis to the hypothalamus?
This vascular system enables the passage of hypothalamic hormones to the hypophysis.
Which hormone stimulates the growth of almost all tissues of the body and is anabolic?
Which of the following is not a function of the liver?
Insulin is produced by a different organ in the body.
What is the primary function of the respiratory system?
The respiratory system is responsible for breathing.
What is the largest organ in the human body?
The skin is an external organ that protects the body from external factors.
What is the function of the anterior pituitary gland?
The answer can be found in the text discussing the anterior pituitary gland's function.
What is the primary target of growth hormone?
The answer can be found in the section discussing physiological functions of growth hormone.
What is the main function of prolactin?
The answer can be found in the section discussing physiological functions of prolactin.
What is the name of the region between the anterior and posterior lobes of the pituitary gland?
The intermediate lobe is a small region located between two larger lobes of the pituitary gland.
What are the five endocrine hormones secreted by the anterior pituitary gland?
The anterior pituitary gland secretes five endocrine hormones, which regulate various physiological functions in the body.
What is the physiological function of growth hormone?
Growth hormone is an anabolic hormone that regulates various physiological functions in the body, including growth, metabolism, and energy homeostasis.
What is the main function of thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH)?
TSH regulates the thyroid gland's production of hormones that regulate metabolism.
What is the main function of adrenocorticotrophic hormone (ACTH)?
ACTH stimulates the release of hormones that are involved in the body's stress response.
Where are the hormones oxytocin and antidiuretic hormone (ADH) synthesized?
Oxytocin and ADH are both synthesized in the same area of the brain.
What is the most common cause of hyperprolactinemia?
A prolactinoma is a type of benign tumor that causes excess prolactin secretion.
What is the primary function of thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH)?
TSH is produced in the anterior pituitary gland and is regulated by the hypothalamic thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH).
What is the target cell of adrenocorticotrophic hormone (ACTH)?
ACTH is produced in the anterior pituitary gland and is regulated by the hypothalamic corticotropin-releasing hormone (CRH).
Which hormones are synthesized and secreted by the posterior pituitary gland?
The posterior pituitary gland is neural in origin and is connected directly to the hypothalamus via a nerve tract.
What is the main stimulus for the release of antidiuretic hormone (ADH) or vasopressin?
ADH is synthesized in the hypothalamus and released by the posterior pituitary gland.
What is the primary function of TSH?
TSH is secreted by the anterior pituitary gland.
What is the main stimulus for ADH release?
ADH regulates water reabsorption by the kidney.
What hormone is secreted by the posterior pituitary gland to stimulate milk ejection from the breast?
Oxytocin is synthesized by the hypothalamus and released by the posterior pituitary gland.
What is the primary function of ACTH?
ACTH is synthesized and secreted by the anterior pituitary gland.
What is the main cause of hyperprolactinemia?
Hyperprolactinemia leads to gonadal dysfunction.
Which structure physically and functionally connects the pituitary gland to the hypothalamus?
This structure enables the passage of hypothalamic hormones to the pituitary gland.
What is the main function of the hypothalamohypophyseal tract?
This tract carries oxytocin and antidiuretic hormone from the hypothalamus to the posterior pituitary.
Which hormones are produced by acidophilic cells in the anterior pituitary gland?
These cells are further divided into somatotrophs and lactotrophs.
Which of the following hormones is not secreted by the anterior pituitary gland?
This hormone is involved in childbirth and breastfeeding.
What type of feedback mechanism regulates the hypothalamic-pituitary axis?
This mechanism involves the long loop and short loop feedback systems.
Which hormone is responsible for stimulating milk production in the mammary glands?
This hormone is produced by lactotroph cells in the anterior pituitary gland.
Which of the following hormones is released in response to stress?
This hormone stimulates the release of adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) from the anterior pituitary gland.
Which hormone regulates water balance and blood pressure by acting on the kidneys?
This hormone is also known as vasopressin.
What is the primary target of luteinizing hormone (LH) in males?
LH stimulates these cells to produce testosterone.
Which of the following hormones promotes growth and cell reproduction?
This hormone is secreted by somatotroph cells in the anterior pituitary gland.
What is the origin of the term 'pituitary'?
The origin of the term is related to a Latin word.
Which two hormones are secreted by the posterior pituitary gland?
These two hormones are involved in childbirth and water balance in the body.
What is the primary function of the growth hormone?
This hormone is involved in growth and development of various tissues.
Which hormone is responsible for the stimulation of mammary glands to release milk?
This hormone is secreted by the prolactin cells of the anterior pituitary.
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