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According to the American Psychiatric Association's current classification system, what term is used to diagnose persons who are not satisfied with their designated gender?
This term is used in the DSM-5.
What term did Magnus Hirschfeld coin in 1923 to describe people who want to live a life that corresponds with their experienced gender vs their designated gender?
The term became widely known after Harry Benjamin wrote “The Transsexual Phenomenon”.
Which organization published the first Standards of Care for treating persons with GD/gender incongruence in 1979?
This organization was founded in September 1979 and is now called the World Professional Association for Transgender Health (WPATH).
What is one of the future needs for endocrine treatment protocols for GD/gender incongruence mentioned in the guideline?
It involves the assessment of the effects of treatment on specific aspects of health.
What is the main factor that increases the likelihood of childhood GD/gender incongruence persisting into adolescence?
The persistence of GD/gender incongruence into adolescence is more likely if this aspect of the child's experience was extreme.
According to DSM-5 criteria for gender dysphoria, how long must a marked incongruence between one's experienced/expressed gender and natal gender persist?
The DSM-5 criteria specify a certain duration, in months, for a marked incongruence between one's experienced/expressed gender and natal gender to persist.
What is one of the DSM-5 criteria for gender dysphoria related to primary and/or secondary sex characteristics?
This criterion involves a strong desire related to one's primary and/or secondary sex characteristics due to a marked incongruence with one's experienced/expressed gender.
According to ICD-10 criteria for Transsexualism, how long should the transsexual identity be present persistently?
The correct answer is a duration in years mentioned in the ICD-10 criteria.
During the diagnostic procedure for adolescents, what type of evaluation should be included to assess the family's ability?
The correct answer involves assessing different aspects of the family's capacity to support the adolescent.
What is the primary focus of counseling during social transitioning?
The correct answer relates to the individual's feelings and interactions with others during the transitioning process.
Which of the following is NOT a criterion for gender-affirming hormone therapy for adults?
The correct answer is not directly related to the individual's gender dysphoria/gender incongruence or mental health.
When are adolescents eligible for GnRH agonist treatment?
The correct answer involves meeting specific criteria confirmed by qualified professionals.
What are the criteria for trained mental health professionals (MHPs) to diagnose GD/gender incongruence in adults?
The correct answer includes all criteria, such as competence in DSM and ICD, distinguishing between conditions, diagnosing and treating psychiatric conditions, psychosocial assessment, and attending professional meetings.
What is the main reason for using puberty-suppressing medication in adolescents with gender dysphoria or gender incongruence?
The main reason is related to the mental well-being of the adolescents.
At which Tanner stage is it recommended to start pubertal suppression for adolescents with gender dysphoria/gender incongruence?
The recommended stage is when the first physical changes of puberty begin to occur.
Which medication is recommended for suppressing pubertal hormones in adolescents with gender dysphoria/gender incongruence?
The recommended medication is known for its efficacy, safety, and reversibility.
What is the primary reason for starting puberty suppression early in adolescents with GD/gender incongruence?
The reason is related to physical outcomes.
What are some potential risks of pubertal suppression in GD/gender-incongruent adolescents?
The potential risks involve bone mineralization, fertility, and brain development.
What is the suggested frequency of monitoring anthropometry and Tanner stages during suppression of puberty?
The monitoring frequency is a range, not a fixed interval.
Which diagnostic tool can be used to assess bone mineral density (BMD) in adolescents undergoing puberty suppression treatment?
The diagnostic tool involves X-ray absorptiometry.
What is the recommended age for most adolescents to have sufficient mental capacity to give informed consent for sex hormone treatment?
The recommended age is around the middle of the teenage years.
What is the suggested frequency for monitoring laboratory parameters such as LH, FSH, E2/T, and 25OH vitamin D during suppression of puberty?
The monitoring frequency is a range, not a fixed interval.
For adolescents who request sex hormone treatment, which professionals should confirm the persistence of GD/gender incongruence and sufficient mental capacity to give informed consent?
The professionals involved are part of a team with diverse expertise.
During the induction of puberty, what is the suggested frequency for monitoring clinical pubertal development in adolescents?
The monitoring frequency is a range, not a fixed interval.
At what age do many adolescents achieve a reasonable level of competence for medical decision-making?
The age range is when adolescents are in high school.
Which professionals should be involved in monitoring an adolescent throughout pubertal induction?
One professional focuses on mental health, while the other is a specialist in hormonal disorders.
Which method of administering testosterone is mentioned as an option for transgender male adolescents during pubertal induction?
The method involves injections.
What are the two major goals of hormonal therapy for transgender adults?
The goals involve reducing certain hormone levels and replacing them with others.
Which medical conditions should be evaluated and addressed before beginning hormone therapy?
Focus on the conditions that could worsen due to hormone therapy.
What should clinicians measure during hormone treatment?
The measurements should involve both naturally occurring and externally provided hormones.
What should the treatment team for a transgender individual include?
The ideal team includes multiple professionals with specialized knowledge.
What is the responsibility of the treating clinician in confirming the criteria for treatment?
The treating clinician should work with the treatment team and gather necessary information from the patient.
What should the treating clinician discuss with the patient before starting hormone treatment?
The discussion should involve an important aspect related to the effects of hormone treatment.
Which hormone is commonly used to induce masculinization in transgender males?
This hormone is responsible for male secondary sex characteristics.
What are some of the effects of testosterone treatment in transgender males?
Testosterone treatment leads to a variety of physical changes in transgender males.
What can be done if uterine bleeding continues despite testosterone treatment in transgender males?
Additional treatments can be considered to address persistent uterine bleeding.
What is the typical testosterone value range for transgender males?
The desired testosterone value range is within the normal male range.
Which route of administration is NOT mentioned for testosterone therapy in transgender males?
The mentioned routes of administration include parenteral and transdermal.
What method can be used to stop menses prior to testosterone treatment in transgender males?
This method involves using hormones to stop menses before starting testosterone treatment.
Why is treatment with physiologic doses of estrogen alone insufficient for transgender females?
The main goal is to suppress testosterone levels into the normal range for females.
Which medication is widely used in Europe as an adjunctive therapy for transgender females?
This medication is a progestational compound with antiandrogenic properties.
What is the recommended serum estradiol and serum testosterone levels for transgender females?
These levels are consistent with premenopausal females.
What is the main concern with ethinyl estradiol in transgender treatment plans?
This concern is related to a specific type of adverse event.
What is the main reason for adjunctive therapy in hormonal treatment for transgender females?
It deals with regulating a specific hormone.
Which route of estrogen administration is considered less thrombogenic due to avoiding the “first pass effect”?
It involves direct application to the skin.
What physical change is generally maximal at 2 years after initiating hormones in transgender females?
It involves a change in the chest area.
What is the major concern for transgender females in relation to hormone therapy?
It is related to the chest area.
How often should laboratory monitoring of sex steroid hormone levels be conducted during the first year of hormone therapy for transgender individuals?
It is a quarterly frequency.
Which effect is not expected to occur during the first 1 to 6 months of testosterone therapy for transgender males?
It is related to a change in sound.
What is the onset time for breast growth in transgender females undergoing hormone therapy?
It is between two options that involve months.
Which physical change is not expected in transgender females during the first 3 to 12 months of estrogen and antiandrogen therapy?
It is a change that would be more typical in transgender males.
Which of the following is not a potential adverse event resulting from excess testosterone therapy in transgender males?
It is a change that would be more typical in transgender females.
What is the target serum testosterone level for transgender males receiving testosterone enanthate/cypionate injections?
The correct range falls between 400 and 800 ng/dL.
In transgender females undergoing hormone therapy, what is the recommended maximum serum estradiol level?
The correct range is between 100 and 300 pg/mL.
What is the recommended frequency for measuring hematocrit or hemoglobin in transgender males during the first year of hormone therapy?
It is more frequent than every 6 months but less frequent than every month.
In transgender females treated with estrogens, what percentage may have elevations in prolactin levels associated with enlargement of the pituitary gland?
The correct percentage is between 15% and 25%.
For individuals on spironolactone, how often should serum electrolytes, particularly potassium, be monitored during the first year?
It is more frequent than every 6 months but less frequent than every month.
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