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Category: Endocrine disease – adrenal gland

Cushing’s Syndrome

Cushing’s syndrome arises from prolonged exposure to excessive levels of circulating glucocorticoids. Among the endogenous causes, Cushing’s disease, also known as pituitary-dependent…

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Glucocorticoids vs Corticosteroids

Corticosteroids are a class of steroid hormones produced by the adrenal cortex that play diverse physiological roles in the body. They include…

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Anatomy of the Adrenal Glands

In this article, the embryology, histology and gross anatomy of the adrenal glands will be reviewed. Historical timeline of discoveries in adrenal…

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Adrenal Disorders

A concise review of adrenal gland physiology and classic adrenal gland diseases (adrenal insufficiency, Cushing’s syndrome, Pheochromocytoma/Paraganglioma, Adrenal Incidentaloma, and Primary Hyperaldosteronism).…

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Hounsfield Unit Chart

The Hounsfield unit (HU) measures the attenuation of X-rays by tissue. It is defined as the ratio of the intensity of the…

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Non classical adrenal hyperplasia

Congenital adrenal hyperplasia (CAH) refers to a group of inherited enzymatic defects in cortisol biosynthesis. Impairment in cortisol production lifts the classic…

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RAAS system

The renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) is a complex endocrine system that controls blood pressure, fluid balance, and sodium retention. Furthermore, the RAAS has…

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