Free Endocrinology Notes, MCQs & Infographics
Carcinoid heart disease(CHD), has a prevalence rate ranging from 11-70% [1]. Patients can present with right-sided murmurs (tricuspid and pulmonary valves), peripheral edema, ascites, and other signs of…
This is a concise review of AHO, including its initial description by Fuller Albright, classic clinical features, pathophysiology, and genetic background. What is the classic phenotype of AHO?…
Parathyroid hormone (PTH) is a peptide hormone secreted by the parathyroid glands, which plays a pivotal role in maintaining calcium and phosphate homeostasis in the body. Consequently, PTH…
A detailed review of a classification system for the various pathophysiologic defects in hyperlipidemia. Fredrickson’s classification is, however, an oversimplification of the multiple causes of hyperlipidemia. Type I…
They are a complex composition of cholesterol esters and triacylglycerols in a dense lipid core, with a circumferential rim of free cholesterol, apolipoproteins, and phospholipids. This intricate configuration…
This is a review of thyroid hormone physiology, including synthesis, release, the volume of distribution (role of binding proteins), and essential clinical pearls. Thyroid Hormone Synthesis Iodide(I–) is…
Learning Objectives Understand the basic anatomy of the thyroid gland and its structural relations in the central compartment of the neck Understand the appearance of a normal thyroid…
A brief review of important topics in general endocrinology. Typically less than 1,000 words in length. Topics by Glands All endocrine reviews adrenal endocrine reviews diabetes endocrine…
What are hormones made of? How are hormones classified, and where are they produced? This is a quick review of the endocrine system. Introduction Hormones are defined as…
Prolactin is a hormone that plays an important role in milk production and is typically only released during pregnancy and breastfeeding. However, certain medications can also cause prolactin…
