Free Endocrinology Notes, MCQs & Infographics
Physician-authored notes, cases, and infographics across endocrinology.
In this article, a brief historical timeline of discoveries in thyroid anatomy, the embryology, gross anatomy and histology of the thyroid gland will be reviewed. Historical timeline of…
Eplerenone (Inspra) and spironolactone (Aldactone) are two aldosterone antagonists commonly used for the treatment of hypertension (HTN) and heart failure (HF) due to left ventricular systolic dysfunction. Spironolactone…
Beta-hydroxybutyrate (BHB) is a vital indicator of ketone-producing metabolic energy deficits that result from insufficient carbohydrate metabolism, leading to increased fatty acid catabolism. This article discusses the significance,…
Brief history of glucose monitoring Blood glucose is an important monitoring parameter when it comes to diabetes management. Attempts to quantify glucose in the urine date back to…
Glucocorticoids, such as dexamethasone, methylprednisolone, and prednisone, are a class of steroid hormones that have various effects on the immune system. One notable consequence of their use is…
Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) was eponymously named Stein-Leventhal syndrome based on a case series of seven women with clinical hyperandrogenism (hirsutism), oligomenorrhea, and enlarged ovaries, reported in 1935(1).…
Levothyroxine Dosage Calculator Doses of levothyroxine (convert the estimated dose of levothyroxine to the closest dose) Approximating the suggested dose of levothyroxine 25mcg : Orange 50mcg : White 75mcg : Violet…
Primary hyperparathyroidism (PHPT) is a metabolic bone disease characterizedby hypercalcemia, hypophosphatemia, and inappropriately elevated PTHdue to autonomous production of parathyroid hormone by a parathyroid adenoma, hyperplasia or rarely,…
Cinacalcet is a calcimimetic agent utilized in the treatment of primary hyperparathyroidism, parathyroid cancer and secondary hyperparathyroidism. Osteitis fibrosa cystica also known as “von Recklingshausen’s disease of bone”…
A practical approach to utilizing bone turnover markers in the management of patients with osteoporosis. Study objectives Identify potential clinical applications of Bone Turnover Markers (BTMs) Consider pragmatic…
